Finance Tools

Farm Cash Flow Calculator

Estimate farm cash flow by summing income sources and subtracting operating expenses, debt payments, and capital spending. Includes net cash flow, margin, and DSCR-style coverage.

This calculator estimates annual farm cash flow by summing income and subtracting operating expenses, debt payments, and capital spending. It also shows a simple coverage metric to sanity-check debt load.

Income (annual)

Sales of grains, produce, etc.

Animals, dairy, eggs, etc.

Government payments, assistance.

Rent, custom work, misc.

Operating expenses (annual)

Machinery upkeep, parts, service.

Debt & capital (annual)

Loans, equipment financing, mortgages.

New machinery, upgrades, one-time investments.

Total income

$250,000

Operating expenses

$170,000

Debt payments

$50,000

Capital spending

$20,000

Net cash flow

$10,000

Cash flow margin: 4.0%

Coverage (income − operating) ÷ debt: 1.60

Tip: If coverage is below ~1.25, debt load may be tight depending on volatility.

How it works

  • Net cash flow = income − operating expenses − debt payments − capital spending
  • Cash flow margin = net cash flow ÷ income
  • Coverage shows whether operating surplus can service debt

FAQ

Is profit the same as cash flow?
Not always. Cash flow tracks cash moving in/out, while profit can include non-cash accounting items.

Should I include depreciation?
Typically no for cash flow. But depreciation matters for taxes—use a tax tool separately.

How to use this farm cash flow calculator

  1. Enter your annual farm income (crop, livestock, subsidies, other).
  2. Enter annual operating expenses (seed/feed, fertilizer, fuel, labor, utilities, insurance, maintenance).
  3. Add annual debt payments and capital spending.
  4. Review net cash flow, cash flow margin, and coverage metrics.

Example

Example farm cash flow estimate:

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